ʻO ke ola ʻoi loa o ka King Trumpet Mushrooms (Pleurotus eryngii)

ʻO ka lōʻihi o ka mālama ʻia ʻana o nā pū halo mōʻī e pili ana i nā kūlana mālama a me ka mālama ʻana ma hope o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana. Ma lalo iho nei nā protocols i kākoʻo ʻia e nā haʻawina mālama mālama meaʻai (IFT, 2022) a me nā alakaʻi USDA:

1. ʻO ka pahu hau maʻamau

• Mahana: 0–2°C (±0.5°C)
• Ka haʻahaʻa: 90–95% RH
• Hoʻopili ʻana: ʻEke polyethylene perforated (5–8 puka/cm²)
• Ola Pahu:
  • ʻO nā halo holoʻokoʻa: 12–14 mau lā (pohō kaumaha <3%)
  • Nā halo ʻokiʻoki: 7–9 mau lā (helu microbial i mālama ʻia <10⁴ CFU/g)

Ke kumu nui: CO₂ kaʻina ≤2000 ppm no ka pale ʻana i ka hanu anaerobic.

2. Hoʻololi ʻia ʻo Atmosphere Packaging (MAP)

• Hoʻohui kinoea: 5% O₂ + 10% CO₂ + 85% N₂
• ʻAno Kiʻiʻoniʻoni: BOPP/PE kiʻi laminated (OTR: 3000–4000 cm³/m²·24h·atm)
• Ola Pahu:
  • 18-21 mau lā (ʻaʻole ʻike ʻia ka ʻulaʻula a i ʻole ka sliminess)
  • Hoʻemi ʻia ka hana polyphenol oxidase e 65%

Hōʻoia: Hōʻoia nā hōʻike bioluminescence ATP i ka hou (RLU <800).

3. ʻO ka hoʻoluʻu mua + ka hau

• ʻO ka hoʻoluʻu mua: E hoemi i ka wela nui i 4°C i loko o 30 min
• Ka hau hau: IQF ma -35°C → Waihona ma -18°C
• Ola Pahu:
  • 10-12 mahina (paʻa kikokikona >80%)
  • ʻAʻohe pohō nui o ka meaʻai (protein ≥92%, polysaccharides ≥88%)

Ka Mana Mana: ʻO ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana (95°C/2 min) ma mua o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana e pale i ka browning enzymatic.

4. Edible Coating Technology

• ʻO ke kumu hoʻouhi: 1.5% chitosan + 0.2% nano-SiO₂
• Nā pōmaikaʻi:
  • Hoʻopaneʻe ka wehe ʻana o ka pāpale ma 5-7 mau lā
  • Hoemi i ka hanu hanu e 40%
  • Mālama i ka paʻa (≥12 N ka ikaika puncture)